Balinese Architecture in the Wrap of Modernization (Role and Challenges of Material Laboratory, Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Udayana University)

Balinese architecture is one of the icons that distinguishes it from other tourist destinations in Indonesia. One of the characteristics of Balinese architecture is the use of red brick in the building. The results of the characteristics compressive strength test of Negara, Tabanan, and Gianyar brick  were 5,414 / mm², 4,861 N / mm², and 3,715 N / mm² which according to SNI 15–0686–1989 were below the lowest average gross compressive value of 5 N / mm² except for Negara bricks, but according to Eurocode 6 all three types of bricks meet the minimum standard compressive strength of bricks used as structural walls that is equal to 2.5 N / mm². Based on SII.0021-78 the State and Tabanan bricks are in class 25 because they are very close to the compressive strength value of 5 N / mm2 (Intara, 2015).
However, this research has not been carried out research on the red brick resistance to weather and aggressive environments.
Sooner or later, Balinese architecture will enter the millennial era. And then, what architectural style matches the use of exposed brick walls? Does it have to be a building with traditional and ethnic style that can use exposed brick walls? Not really, actually any style fits the exposed brick wall application. In buildings with traditional and ethnic styles, exposed brick walls tend to be applied to the whole building. In more modern styles exposed brick walls are only used as accents. Modern architecture has simple, inexpensive and practical characteristics. While the use of exposed bricks seems to be a hassle in manufacturing, the costs are more expensive, and maintenance is more difficult when compared to ordinary brick walls. But, after completion, all the hassles will pay off completely, because the exposed brick wall will have a very unique, natural, ethnic, and has a very strong aesthetic accent.
The question is how long this material be able to survive ?
 As we know that Bali is in a tropical climate with high humidity. With this condition, it is very possible to be a place for the growth of fungus and mildew, so that maintenance costs are not light. Red brick damage is faster when it is in an area near the beach
The Structure and Material Laboratory can take a role by research and studies to improve the quality of the red brick both in terms of strength, as well as resistance to wear and tear due to weather. Research development is also needed so that maintenance are easy and inexpensive. Collaboration with colleagues from mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, economics, etc., will greatly help the craftsmen to perfect their production.
 
Hopefully the riset of the Structure and Materials Laboratory Civil Engineering Study Program will contribute preserving Balinese architecture to be sustainable.